The genus Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae) comprises approximately 66 species. Species of the genus Phalaenopsis are found throughout tropical Asia and the larger islands of the Pacific Ocean. Different subgenera of Phalaenopsis have distinct geographic distributions. Thousands of Phalaenopsis cultivars have been grown for commercial uses. Studies on the molecular systematics and phylogenetic relationships among these orchids are still deficient. We have been collecting Phalaenopsis species for use as genetic resources. Molecular evidence obtained from DNA fingerprint data generated using the AFLP technique (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) was used to clarify the phylogenetics, biogeography, and evolutionary trends of the genus Phalaenopsis. A breeding program with the goal of Phalaenopsis species improvement is being conducted using intrageneric hybrids as well as some commercial varieties, such as Phalaenopsis Princess Chulabhorn. Intergeneric hybrids between members of the Phalaenopsis genus and other genera, such as Vanda, Renanthera, Arachnis, Ascocentrum, Doritis and Kingidium are being produced and will be released as a novelty Phalaenopsis orchid in the future.

   Collaborative studies are aimed at developing mass production methods for novelty Phalaenopsis propagation in both the laboratory and the field that are suitable for commercial use. The aim of the novelty Phalaenopsis study is to examine the quality and utility of these hybrids to improve production yield and add value before releasing the new varieties to the market.

   Sequence Characterized Amplified markers (SCAR markers) derived from polymorphic AFLPs (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms) in Phalaenopsis species will be identified and used for the identification and characterization of closely related Phalaenopsis species. The establishment and development of very efficient SCAR markers will be very useful for orchid character identification (i.e. petal color, smell or other traits) when selecting individual plants for propagation.